Introduction Move is a secure, resource-oriented programming language designed for blockchain development. Sui Blockchain adopts Move as its native language, offering developers a safer and more efficient way to build smart contracts. This article explores Move’s core concepts, its advantages over Solidity, and a step-by-step guide to writing your first Sui smart contract.

1. Why Move? Key Advantages Over Solidity A. Security-First Design
   No reentrancy attacks: Unlike Ethereum’s Solidity, Move eliminates callback vulnerabilities.
   Strict resource control: Assets (coins, NFTs) are treated as physical objects, preventing double-spending.

B. Resource-Oriented Programming Move treats all assets as resources that cannot be copied or deleted arbitrarily.
Example:
move
struct Coin has store {
value: u64
}

• The has store ability ensures Coin can only be moved, not duplicated.

C. Formal Verification Move’s bytecode is verifiable, reducing risks of hidden exploits.

2. Core Concepts of Move for Sui A. Objects & Ownership Every asset in Sui is an object with a unique ID.
   Ownership types:
   Owned: Single-owner objects (e.g., your wallet’s tokens).
   Shared: Can be modified by multiple users (e.g., DeFi pools).
   Immutable: Locked after creation (e.g., smart contract code).

B. Abilities (Move’s Type System)
Move defines four key abilities for types:

1. Copy: Allows duplication (e.g., integers).
2. Drop: Can be discarded (e.g., temporary data).
3. Store: Can exist outside variables (e.g., assets).
4. Key: Can be used as a primary identifier (e.g., NFT IDs).

Example:
move
struct NFT has key, store {
id: UID,
name: String
}

C. Modules, Scripts, and Transactions Modules: Libraries (like smart contracts) defining structs and functions.
Scripts: One-off transactions (e.g., minting an NFT).
Transactions: Signed operations (e.g., transferring coins).

3. Writing Your First Move Smart Contract on Sui Step 1: Set Up the Sui Move CLI

4. Install Sui:
   sh
   cargo install sui

5. Create a new package:
   sh
   sui move new my_first_contract

Step 2: Define a Coin Struct
Create sources/my_coin.move:
move
module my_coin::example {
use sui::coin;
use sui::tx_context::TxContext;

struct MyCoin has drop, store {  
    value: u64  
}  

public fun mint(value: u64, ctx: &mut TxContext) {  
    let coin = MyCoin { value };  
    transfer::transfer(coin, tx_context::sender(ctx));  
}  

}

Step 3: Deploy to Sui Devnet

1. Build:
   sh
   sui move build

2. Deploy:
   sh
   sui client publish --gas-budget 1000

---

4. Common Move Pitfalls & Solutions Problem 1: Missing Abilities Error: Cannot drop resource.
   Fix: Add has drop to the struct.

Problem 2: Unauthorized Transfers Error: Invalid owner.
Fix: Use transfer::public_transfer for shared objects.

Problem 3: Infinite Loops
Move disallows unbounded loops, preventing gas exhaustion attacks.

5. Move vs. Solidity: Key Differences
   | Feature | Move (Sui) | Solidity (Ethereum) |
   | | |
   | Security | No reentrancy, formal checks | Vulnerable to exploits |
   | Assets | Resource-oriented | Mutable balances |
   | Gas Fees | Predictable | Volatile |

6. Future of Move on Sui**
   Sui Move Prover : Automated formal verification.
   Cross-chain interoperability: Move modules for other blockchains.

Conclusion Move’s resource-centric model makes it ideal for secure, high-performance dApps on Sui. Developers benefit from built-in safeguards against common attacks, while users enjoy safer transactions.