ure diversity: High hardware requirements limit participation to well-resourced operators, increasing reliance on enterprise hosting.

• Operator independence: The Sui Foundation delegates stake to smaller validators to support decentralization and rebalances regularly.

• Centralization risks: Governance remains mostly centralized under the Foundation and Mysten Labs, though future decentralization is planned.

Measures in place: Stake caps, slashing mechanisms,

Limit object inputs per transaction – Fewer objects = more parallelit events instead of storing logs on-chain.

Batch operations smartly – Group actions to reduce overhead, but avoid bloated transactions.

Leverage profiling tools – Use dry-run, --gas-profile, or SDK tools to spot high-cost operations.

Recycle or delete unused objects – Earn storage rebates by cleaning up.

These practices help reduce computation, storage, and transaction gas costs for scalable, high-perfor

Sui’s validator network is partially decentralized, with the following characteristics:

• Stake concentration: Top validators hold large stakes, but voting power is capped at 10% per validator to prevent monopolies.

• Geographic diversity: Validators are globally distributed, though some liquid staking protocols (like Aftermath, SuiLend) concentrate stake in specific regions.

• Infrastructure diversity: High hardware requirements limit participation to well-resourced operators, increasing reliance on enterprise hosting.

• Operator independence: The Sui Foundation delegates stake to smaller validators to support decentralization and rebalances regularly.

• Centralization risks: Governance remains mostly centralized under the Foundation and Mysten Labs, though future decentralization is planned.

Measures in place: Stake caps, slashing mechanisms, performance-based delegation, and support for new validators help reduce centralization risks.